Language and Speech Therapy

Speech production is impaired in terms of continuity, smoothness, speed and effort. Stuttering, the most common fluency disorder, is a disruption in the flow of speech characterized by repetitions (sounds, syllables, words, phrases), sound prolongations, blocks, interruptions, and revisions that can affect the rate and rhythm of speech. These negativities may be accompanied by physical tension, negative reactions, secondary behaviors, and avoidance of sounds, words, or speech situations. Disorganization, another fluency disorder, is characterized by a perceived rapid and/or irregular speaking rate that results in impairments in speech clarity and/or fluency.

Fast and Distorted Speech (Tachypemia)
Voice Disorders

Voice misuse is when a person's voice is not audible or satisfactory as a result of trauma, damage after surgical procedures, a functional disorder, or for no apparent reason.

Hoarseness
Vocal Cord Paralysis
Mutational Falsetto
Voice Disorder Due to Nodule
Delayed Language and Speech

It is the fact that the child's receptive and expressive language skills are not developed at the level expected for his age.

Specific Language Impairment

It is a unique language, speech and communication disorder seen in children without hearing loss or other developmental delay.

Motor Speech Disorders

It is the impact of speaking ability as a result of weakness and/or coordination disorder in the muscle groups that need to be organized for speech, due to a neurological cause.

Apraxia
Dysarthria
Acquired Language Disorders

Aphasia
Primary Progressive Aphasia
Parkinson's
Alzheimer's
dementia
Dyslexia

It is a learning disorder that manifests itself with significant difficulties in acquiring and using listening, speaking, reading, writing, reasoning and mathematical abilities.

Autism Spectrum Disorder

It is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in social communication and social interaction and the presence of restricted, repetitive behaviors. Social communication difficulty includes problems establishing joint attention as well as difficulties in using verbal and nonverbal communicative behaviors for social interaction.

Language and Speech Disorders Due to Hearing Impairment

It is a language and speech disorder that occurs in an individual when it is determined that the person has hearing loss as a result of hearing tests.

Central Auditory Processing Disorder

Although there is no hearing loss in the hearing tests, it is a disorder characterized by difficulties in understanding what is said in noisy environments, difficulty in following complex instructions, and difficulty in determining the direction from which the sound is coming.

Speech Disorder Due to Cleft Lip and Palate

Cleft lip and palate are congenital structural disorders caused by embryological development that does not progress normally. Clefts are described based on the structures involved (lip, posterior tooth, hard palate, soft palate), laterality (unilateral left, unilateral right, or bilateral), and severity (width and extent of structures involved). Clefts can occur in isolation (e.g., cleft palate only) or in combination (cleft lip and palate).

Chewing and Swallowing Disorders

Swallowing disorders (dysphagia) may occur at one or more stages of swallowing. These phases are the oral phase (the phase in which chewing and food and beverages are transmitted from the mouth to the pharynx), the pharyngeal phase (the phase in which swallowing is initiated and food and beverages are sent to the esophagus), and the esophageal phase (in which contraction-relaxation movements in the esophagus and stomach are carried out and food and beverages are transferred to the esophagus). It is the phase in which drinks are sent from the esophagus to the stomach.). Swallowing disorders can lead to aspiration (the passage of food, liquid, or saliva into the trachea) or the backflow of food into the nasal cavity.

Age Groups That Speech and Language Therapists Work With

SLPs work with people of all ages, starting from birth.