What is Lymphedema, How to Understand It, How to Treat It?

Lymphedema is a chronic disease that occurs when protein-rich fluid accumulates in the interstitial space as a result of congenital or acquired disruption of the lymphatic system. Due to increased lymphatic fluid accumulation in the body, it may lead to regional volume increase and skin and tissue changes.

Lymphedema can manifest itself with symptoms such as a feeling of fullness, pain, heaviness, tightness in the arm, tingling, swelling, redness, difficulty in movement, tightening of a watch ring or bracelet, a feeling of tightness in the skin, distress and restlessness. These symptoms become more evident as the disease progresses.

Lymphedema is classified as primary lymphedema (genetic) or secondary lymphedema (acquired). Primary lymphedema occurs due to impaired lymph circulation due to the anatomical structure inherited from birth. Secondary lymphedema develops due to damage or dysfunction of the normally functioning lymphatic system, usually occurring due to surgical procedures or other reasons.

Treatment of lymphedema is important with early diagnosis and treatment because it is a progressive disease. Complex Decongestive Lymphedema Treatment is used in both mild and early-onset cases and aims to stop progression.

The treatment is divided into two phases:

Phase 1: The phase applied in the hospital under the control of a doctor and physiotherapist includes skin care, Manual Lymph Drainage, bandage application and exercises.

Phase 2: In the phase carried out by remote monitoring of the patient, skin care and compression clothing (prepared with special measurements) are used.

It is important for patients to start lymphedema treatment early and continue treatment regularly. Treatment improves quality of life by stopping the progression of the disease and helps reduce the effects of the disease.